Pancreatitis is a pathology in which inflammatory and degenerative changes develop in the pancreas.Exposure to certain etiological factors activates the synthesis process of proteolytic enzymes, which leads to pancreatic cell damage.This article indicates the main clinical manifestations of this pathology, as well as the features of dietary nutrition as an important component of complex therapy.
Pancreatitis clinic
Pancreatitis is characterized by sharp, severe pain, which, if not treated in time, can cause the development of painful shock.Painful sensations are localized in the pit of the stomach or have a girdling character.The inflammatory process in the pancreas causes hyperthermia.In addition, changes in blood pressure (hypo- or hypertension) are observed and the general condition of the patient worsens.It becomes pale, and after that the skin acquires an earthy gray hue.In cholecystitis and pancreatitis, jaundice may be observed due to compression of the bile duct by an enlarged gland.
Patients also report dry mouth.They feel hiccups and belches, and the nausea starts to bother them.In the acute period, constant vomiting is observed.Electrolyte loss leads to sticky sweat, shortness of breath and a yellow coating on the tongue.The stool becomes foamy, with food particles and an unpleasant odor.Sometimes, on the contrary, constipation and flatulence are noted.Symptoms of pancreatitis also include the appearance of bluish spots around the belly button.With the further development of the pathological process, the patient's condition worsens, so he should be taken to the hospital immediately.
Treatment of pancreatitis
If the disease worsens, the patient is hospitalized.The treatment regimen includes antispasmodics, antiemetics, diuretics (prevents swelling of the pancreas and helps to quickly remove excess enzymes from the body), painkillers, enzyme inhibitors, and antibiotics are prescribed for purulent pancreatitis.In the future, vitamin therapy is carried out to strengthen the body.
In case of acute inflammation and severe vomiting, patients are prescribed fasting.It is allowed to take only mineral water or rosehip decoction.In the future, low-calorie foods are gradually introduced into the diet, excluding foods that can stimulate the production of gastric juice and the formation of gases.
Therapeutic diet
It develops according to the patient's condition.A diet once acute inflammation has subsided includes the following:
- providing the body with physiological levels of proteins, lipids, carbohydrate compounds;
- increasing the amount of vitamins;
- reducing the amount or completely eliminating substances that can irritate the intestinal mucosa;
- complete rejection of smoked, spicy, salty, alcohol, spices and canned food;
- diet for pancreatitis includes chopping or grinding food, the temperature of which should not exceed 60 - 65 ° C, that is, mechanical and thermal irritation of the digestive organs must be eliminated as much as possible;
- meals should be frequent, but always in small portions;in case of severe pain, therapeutic fasting is allowed within 1-2 days;
- in pancreatitis and gastritis, refusing food can reduce mucosal irritation.
Authorized products
If the pancreas is damaged, the patient's diet may include:
- from dairy products - kefir, non-acidic cottage cheese and yogurt;
- lean meat (chicken, rabbit, veal) in the form of souffle or puree;
- perch, pike, cod (fat varieties);
- grated vegetables, which should first be boiled or baked;
- crackers or lightly dried bread;
- vegetarian soups;
- Steamed omelettes;
- for patients with pancreatitis it is allowed to consume olive oil and butter from fat;
- Recommended cereals are oatmeal, buckwheat and semolina;
- as fruit, it is allowed to eat unsweetened baked apples;
- The best drink to drink is rose hip infusion.
When the inflammation is eliminated and the clinical manifestations of the disease disappear, the diet is slightly expanded.
Sample menu
With chronic pancreatitis, the menu may look like this:
Option 1
- 200 g of mashed potatoes with meatballs (100 g), 200 grams of grated rice porridge, tea;
- 100 g of cheese;
- pureed vegetable soup with croutons, steamed meat souffle, 200 g of buckwheat porridge;
- protein omelet in the amount of 110 g, steamed, compote;
- 250 g of fish roll and tea;
- sour milk (about 200 ml).
Option 2
- boiled fish, mashed potatoes and tea, to which you can add milk;
- 100 g of cheese;
- soup made of rolled oats (approx. 250 g), as well as meat souffle (100 g), steamed with mashed potatoes;
- egg white omelette;
- cottage cheese soufflé;
- a glass of curdled milk.
Option 3
- oatmeal and meat souffle, tea;
- cheese;
- oatmeal soup and meat cutlets (110 g) with mashed potatoes, baked apple;
- egg white omelette;
- meatballs (110 g), carrot puree;
- curdled milk.
Dietary meals should contain animal proteins, because they are easily digestible, and fats and carbohydrates should be reduced to a minimum in order to protect the pancreas and restore normal food digestion.
When pancreatitis becomes chronic, diet can be considered the basis for effective treatment.It is important to eat enough protein food.Meat dishes are not recommended to be stewed or baked, but to be boiled or steamed.Low-fat fish dishes are prepared in the same way.
Milk can sometimes be poorly tolerated, so it is recommended to add it only to cooked cereals and drink it in its pure form in an amount not exceeding half a glass per day.In addition, the diet should not include meat and fish broths, garlic and onions, cabbage and radishes.Rye flour products are also prohibited.
What should be the calorie content of the meal?
Every day, patients should get about 350 g of carbohydrates, of which 40 g should be easily digestible sugar.The total energy value of foods consumed during the day should average 2600 kilocalories.In order to correctly calculate the calorie content, there is a special table that indicates the name of the product, its protein, carbohydrate and fat content, as well as the number of kilocalories.With its help, the daily diet of patients not only with pancreatitis, but also with other diseases that require appropriate dietary nutrition is compiled.
Traditional methods of treatment
Among traditional medicines, the following are considered the most effective:
- Potato juice.Drink half a glass two hours before eating, wait 5 minutes and wash it down with a glass of kefir.The treatment should last 14 days, after which it is necessary to take a break of 10 days and repeat the use of the product.
- It is recommended to drink 100 ml of Brussels sprout juice three times a day for 30 days.
- An infusion of dill and cumin proves useful.
- It is useful to drink the mummy solution every evening for 10 days in a row, an hour after eating (calculated at 2 g per 3 liters of water).
- During 6 months, with chronic pancreatitis, it is recommended to take 20 drops of propolis tincture (10%) in the evening, after it is dissolved in 100 ml of heated milk.
To prevent the progression of pancreatitis, folk remedies based on medicinal herbs are used.Mainly used are calendula flowers, marshmallow root, blueberry leaves, bean pods, calamus root, wormwood plant and mint leaves.
The following remedy will help speed up your recovery.Put one kilogram of lemon, parsley root and garlic (300 g each) through a meat grinder, mix everything and leave the resulting mass for two weeks, after which you start taking a teaspoon.In case of chronic pancreatitis, it is also recommended to grind chicory root, cover with boiling water, boil, then cool, strain and drink in small sips.
In addition to the above-mentioned drugs, patients are recommended to perform special exercises that have a positive effect on the pancreas.It is necessary to inhale and exhale, hold your breath and gently draw in your belly, then relax the muscles of the abdominal wall.After that, you should inhale and exhale again, hold your breath and forcefully inflate your stomach, and then relax.Exercises should be performed in a lying position three times a day, from 3 to 9 repetitions.Such breathing exercises improve blood circulation and stimulate the outflow of digestive juices, helping to prevent the development of pancreatitis or its exacerbations.
It is worth remembering that in case of acute pancreatitis, you should not resort to traditional methods, because the patient should be given immediate medical assistance.Otherwise, the disease can be fatal.